2-Chloropropene(cas557-98-2) is an organic compound that has the chemical formula C3H5Cl. It is also known as allyl chloride or 3-chloropropene. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals, such as epichlorohydrin, glycerol, and allyl alcohol. In this article, we will show you how to draw the Lewis structure of 2-chloropropene step by step.
What is a Lewis Structure?
A Lewis structure is a way of representing the valence electrons of atoms and molecules using dots and lines. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons that participate in chemical bonding. A Lewis structure shows how the atoms are connected by covalent bonds and how many lone pairs of electrons each atom has. A lone pair is a pair of electrons that is not shared with another atom.
How to Draw the Lewis Structure of 2-Chloropropene?
To draw the Lewis structure of 2-chloropropene, we need to follow these steps:
- Count the total number of valence electrons in the molecule. Each carbon atom has 4 valence electrons, each hydrogen atom has 1 valence electron, and each chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons. The total number of valence electrons is 4 x 3 + 1 x 5 + 7 x 1 = 20.
- Draw a skeleton structure of the molecule, connecting the atoms with single bonds. We can arrange the atoms as C-C=C-Cl, with three hydrogen atoms attached to each terminal carbon atom. This uses up 8 valence electrons for the single bonds.
- Distribute the remaining valence electrons to complete the octets of the atoms. An octet is a set of eight valence electrons that gives an atom stability. We can place two pairs of electrons on each carbon atom and three pairs of electrons on the chlorine atom. This uses up another 12 valence electrons for the lone pairs.
- Check if there are any double or triple bonds that can be formed to satisfy the octet rule. The octet rule states that atoms tend to form bonds until they have eight valence electrons in their outer shell, except for hydrogen, which only needs two. We can see that the central carbon atom has only six valence electrons, so it can form a double bond with one of the adjacent carbon atoms by sharing two more electrons. This reduces the number of lone pairs on both carbon atoms by one and completes their octets.
The final Lewis structure of 2-chloropropene looks like this:
H H
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H–C—C==C–Cl
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H H
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